12
Mg

24.305
Magnesium sample under analysis

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References ordered by physical form of material analysed
GO TO:
Solids analysis references
No surface analysis references
Liquids analysis references
Gases/aerosols analysis references

PHYSICAL
FORM OF
MATERIAL
LOD /
RSD
MATRIX
COMMENTS
REFERENCE
ANALYTE /
MATRIX LINES
λ (nm)
Solid
0.26 ppm,
0.11 ppm
Aluminium alloy
To be added shortly
A. Freedman, F.J. lannarilli and J.C. Wormhoudt. Aluminum alloy analysis using microchip-laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 60, (2005), 1076-1082.
382.9355, 383.2299
383.2304, 383.8292, 383.8295
Solid
160 – 450 ppm /
4 – 22%
Soil
7 Torr CO2 atmosphere, Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), Ocean Optics HR2000 spectrometers & Echelle spectrometer with ICCD camera, sample range ~15 cm (in-situ) & ~5.3 m (stand-off). Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Si, Sr, Ti.
B. Sallé, D.A. Cremers, S. Maurice, R.C. Wiens and P. Fichet. Evaluation of a compact spectrograph for in-situ and stand-off laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
analyses of geological samples on Mars missions. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,  60, (2005), 805-815.
280.27 /
not applicable
Solid
7 ppm
Al alloy
To be added shortly
B. Sallé, J.-L. Lacour, E. Vors, P. Fichet, S. Maurice, D.A. Cremers and R.C. Wiens. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for Mars surface analysis: capabilities at stand-off distances and detection of chlorine and sulfur elements. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 59, (2004), 1413-1422.
285.213
Solid
76.78 ppm /
4.12%
Steel
Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelength, 70 mJ per pulse. Echelle spectrograph with ICCD detector. Cu, Mg, Mn, Si
M.A. Ismail, H. Imam, A. Elhassan, W.T. Youniss and M.A. Harith. LIBS limit of detection and plasma parameters of some elements in two different metallic matrices. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 19, (2004), 489-494.
285.21 /
Fe (375.8)
Solid
28.16 ppm /
3.1%
Al
Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelength, 70 mJ per pulse. Echelle spectrograph with ICCD detector. Cu, Mg, Mn, Si
M.A. Ismail, H. Imam, A. Elhassan, W.T. Youniss and M.A. Harith. LIBS limit of detection and plasma parameters of some elements in two different metallic matrices. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 19, (2004), 489-494.
285.21 /
Al (305)
Solid
0.2 ppm
Al
To be added shortly
C. Gautier, P. Fichet, D. Menuta, J.-L. Lacour, D. L'Hermite and J. Dubessy. Study of the double-pulse setup with an orthogonal beam geometry for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 59, (2004), 975-986.
280.3
Solid
0.5 ppm
Al
To be added shortly
C. Gautier, P. Fichet, D. Menuta, J.-L. Lacour, D. L'Hermite and J. Dubessy. Study of the double-pulse setup with an orthogonal beam geometry for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 59, (2004), 975-986.
280.3
Solid
20-32 ppm /
8-50%
Al
Excimer (KrF) laser, wavelength 248 nm, 10 ns pulses at 100-300 mJ per pulse. Spectrograph focal length 500 mm, 1200 line/mm grating, IPDA detector. Sample in air. Mg, Mn, Si, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cu.
G.W. Rieger, M. Taschuk, Y.Y. Tsui and R. Fedosejevs. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for microanalysis using submillijoule UV laser pulses. Appl. Spectrosc. 56, (2002), 689-698.
279.6 /
not applicable
Solid
1.8-64 ppm /
8-50%
Al
Excimer (KrF) laser, wavelength 248 nm, 10 ns pulses at 100-300 mJ per pulse. Spectrograph focal length 500 mm, 1200 line/mm grating, IPDA detector. Sample in air. Mg, Mn, Si, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cu.
G.W. Rieger, M. Taschuk, Y.Y. Tsui and R. Fedosejevs. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for microanalysis using submillijoule UV laser pulses. Appl. Spectrosc. 56, (2002), 689-698.
285.2 /
not applicable
Solid
90 ppm /
Typically <10%
Low-ash lignite
Commercial LIBS instrument. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), multiple 0.2 m spectrometers and gated, non-intesified CCD array detectors. Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, Si.
B.L. Chadwick and D. Body. Development and commercial evaluation of laser-induced breakdown  spectroscopy chemical  analysis  technology in  the coal  power generation industry. Appl. Spectrosc.,  56, (2002), 70-74.
Not reported
Solid
7 ppm / RSD not reported
Al alloy
Fibre-optic delivered LIBS of Al-alloy standards. Nd:YAG laser (532 nm), 0.5 m spectrometer & ICCD. Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn & Zn.
A.K. Rai, H. Zhang, F.Y. Yueh, J.P. Singh and A. Weisburg. Parametric study of a fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy probe for analysis of aluminum alloys. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 56, (2001), 2371-2383.
383.829 / Fe (388.6282)
Solid
LOD not reported /
3-4%
Ore
Using TRACERTM 2100 instrument, Nd:YAG 1064 nm, 115 mJ pulse energy, 10 Hz PRF, <7 ns pulse width. Czerny-Turner spectrograph, 0.2 nm resolution, ICCD detector. Investigation of ore containing P, Al, Mg, Ca, Si.
S. Rosenwasser, G. Asimellis, B. Bromley, R. Hazlett, J. Martin, T. Pearce and A. Zigler. Development of a method for automated quantitative analysis of ores using LIBS. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 56, (2001), 707-714.
285.21 /
not applicable
Solid
6 ppm /
~25%
Al alloy
Direct delivered (no fibre) LIBS of Al-alloy standards. Nd:YAG laser (532 nm), 0.5 m spectrometer & ICCD. Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn & Zn.
A.K. Rai, H. Zhang, F.Y. Yueh, J.P. Singh and A. Weisburg. Parametric study of a fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy probe for analysis of aluminum alloys. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 56, (2001), 2371-2383.
383.829 / Fe (388.6282)
Solid
<1 ppm /
RSD not reported (error 5 – 10%)
Wood
Single-shot and 20-shot measurements. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), Echelle spectrometer & ICCD camera. Al, As, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, K, Mg, Na, Pb, Si, Sn.
A. Uhl, K. Loebe and L. Kreuchwig Fast analysis of wood preservers using laser
Induced breakdown Spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,  56, (2001), 795-806.
279.553 /
C (247.857)
Solid
0.4 ppm /
5 – 7%
Starch-based flour
Powder food samples (pelletised) in argon atmosphere at reduced pressure (0.2 – 40 Torr). Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, K. Mg, Mn, Pb, Rb, Sr.
H.-H. Cho, Y.-J. Kim, Y.-S. Jo, K. Kitagawa, N. Arai and Y.-I. Lee. Application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for direct determination of trace elements in starch-based flours. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 16, (2001), 622-627.
279.553 /
not applicable
Solid
200 ppm /
RSD not reported
Lignite
Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), 0.25 m spectrometer & ICCD camera. Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, Si. Baseline subtracted peak area used.
F.J. Wallis, B.L. Chadwick and R.J.S. Morrison. Analysis of lignite using laser-induced breakdown Spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc., 54, (2000), 1231-1235.
285.21 /
not applicable
Solid
70 ppm /
10%
UO2
Nuclear fuel pellets. Nd:YAG laser (532 nm). Ag, Al, B, Ba, Bi, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, Li, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sr, Tl.
(Ca, Cd, Co, Na, Zn – LOD not determined)
P. Fichet, P. Mauchien and C. Moulin. Determination of impurities in uranium and plutonium dioxides by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc., 53, (1999), 1111-1117.
285.2129 /
not applicable
Solid
2700 ppm /
8-15%
Plant material
Powdered leaf samples fixed on tape. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), 0.5 m spectrograph & ICCD detector. Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, Zn.
Q. Sun, M. Tran, B.W. Smith and J.D. Winefordner. Direct determination of P, Al, Ca, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mg and Fe in plant materials by laser-induced plasma Spectroscopy. Can. J. Anal. Sci. Spectrosc., 44, (1999), 164-170.
278.0 / not applicable
Solid
1-10 ppm /
10 – 23%
Aluminum
Single-shot experiments. Ar gas atmosphere at atmospheric and reduced pressures. Echelle spectrometer with ICCD, Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Si, Ti, Zn.
H.E. Bauer, F. Leis and K. Niemax. Laser induced breakdown spectrometry with an echelle spectrometer and intensified charge coupled device detection. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 53, (1998), 1815-1825.
278.3 nm /
Al (266.04)
Solid
130 ppm,
28 ppm /
RSD not reported
Glass
Air atmosphere at 1 and 5 Torr. TEA-CO2 laser (10.6 µm) & XeCl excimer laser (308 nm). Li, B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, Zn, Zr, Ba.
H. Kurniawan, S. Nakajima, J.E. Batubara, M. Marpaung, M. Okamoto and K. Kagawa. Laser-induced wave plasma in glass and its application to elemental analysis. Appl. Spectrosc., 49, (1995), 1067-1072.
383.8 /
not applicable
Solid
0.5 ppm /
4-6%
Al
Nd:YAG laser 1064nm, PRF 1Hz, 8 ns pulse duration, max energy 500 mJ. 660 mm focal length spectrograph with 2400 line/mm grating, IPDA detector. Mn, Mg, Cu and Si.
M. Sabsabi and P. Cielo. Quantitative analysis of aluminum alloys by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and plasma characterization. Appl. Spectrosc., 49, (1995), 499-507.
285.2 /
not applicable
Solid
230 ppm /
2 – 25%
MgO in Fe ore
Excimer laser (λ not stated). Si, Al, Ca, Ti, Mg.
K. Grant, G.L. Paul and J.A. O'Neill. Quantitative elemental analysis of iron ore by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc., 45, (1991), 701-705.
518.36 /
Fe (389.56)
Liquid
0.1 ppm
Water
Standard solutions probed in bulk and as a liquid jet. Aiming to produce a Tc detector. Nd:YAG laser (532 nm), spectrograph & ICCD. Cr, Mg, Mn & Re.
F.-Y. Yueh, R.C. Sharma, J.P. Singh, H. Zhang and W.A. Spencer. Evaluation of the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for detection of trace element in liquid. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 52, (2002), 1307-1315.
279.55 / not applicable
Liquid
1-1.2 ppm /
7%
Water
Nd:YAG Q-switched laser, 180 mJ pulse energy, wavelength 1064 nm, PRF 0.2 Hz. Echelle spectrograph l/Δl = 7500. Mg and Na in pure and mixed aqueous solutions.
B. Charfi and M.A. Harith. Panoramic laser-induced breakdown spectrometry of water. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 57, (2002), 1141-1153.
279.55 /
H (656.27)
Liquid
1 ppm
Water
To be added shortly
B. Charfi and M.A. Harith. Panoramic laser-induced breakdown spectrometry of water. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 57, (2002), 1141-1153.
279.55

Liquid

undetermined

Fe ore slurry

Laser type not stated, ablation energy 140 mJ per pulse, 2 Hz PRF, focussed by a 50 cm focal length lens. Correlation curves obtained for intensity ratio vs chemical analysis of sample.

L. Barrette and S. Turmel. On-line iron-ore slurry monitoring for real-time process control of pellet making processes using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: graphitic vs. total carbon detection. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 56, (2001), 715-723.
280.27 /
Fe (282.54)
Liquid
3 ppm /
Typically 2%
Water
Various experimental configurations incl. water jet. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Tc, U
O. Samek, D.C.S. Beddows, J. Kaiser, S.V. Kukhlevsky, M. Liska, H.H. Telle and J. Young. Application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to in situ analysis of liquid samples. Opt. Eng., 39, (2000), 2248-2262.
285.21 /
Hβ, Ca (λ?)
Liquid
0.01 ppm
Liquid evaporated on graphite
To be added shortly
R.L. Van der Wal, T.M. Ticich, J.R. West and P.A. Householder. Trace metal detection by laser-induced breakdown Spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc., 53, (1999), 1226-1236.
279.55, 280.27
Liquid
1.9 ppm /
RSD not reported
Water
Isolated droplet sample introduction system. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Al. PMT detector.
H.A. Archontaki and S.R. Crouch. Evaluation  of an  isolated droplet sample introduction system for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc., 42, (1988),  741-746.
279.55 /
not applicable
Liquid
100 ppm /
4 – 8%
Water,
Organic solvents
RSS (single pulse) & RSP (double pulse). Plasma formed within the liquid. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm). Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, B, Al. PMT detector.
D.A. Cremers, L.J. Radziemski and T.R. Loree. Spectrochemical analysis of liquids using the laser spark. Appl. Spectrosc,. 38, (1984), 721-729.
279.55 /
not applicable
Gas/aerosol
20 fg
Aerosol
To be added shortly
J.D. Hybl, G.A. Lithgow and S.G. Buckley. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy detection and classification of biological aerosols. Appl. Spectrosc., 57, (2003), 1207-1215.
285.2
Gas/aerosol
1.2 fg / RSD not reported
Particle in air
PM10-filtered ambient air sampling system. Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), 0.275 m spectrometer & ICCD array. Ca, Mg & Na.
J.E. Carranza, B.T. Fisher, G.D. Yoder and D.W. Hahn. On-line analysis of ambient air aerosols using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 56, (2001), 851-864.
279.55, 280.27, 285.21 / not applicable
Gas/aerosol
~3 fg
N2 gas
To be added shortly
D.W. Hahn and M.M. Lunden. Detection and analysis of aerosol particles by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 33, (2000),  30-48.
279.55, 280.2, 285.21